Amaya Toman ʻOiai he pōkole ka mōʻaukala o kekahi mau ʻoihana a me nā hui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea nui. ʻO ia hoʻi ka hihia me Napster - ka hui pūnaewele ma lalo o kona mau ʻēheu i hānau ʻia ai ka lawelawe hoʻopaʻapaʻa o ka inoa like. Pehea ko lakou ano? ka hoomaka ana o Napster?
Hiki paha hoihoi oe
Za puka ana Ua kū nā lawelawe Napster Shaw Fanning a Sean Parker. Napster, ka mea i hoʻomaka i kāna hana ma 1999, ʻaʻole ʻo ia wale nō ka lawelawe kaʻana like ma ka Pūnaewele i kēlā manawa. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kāna mau "hoʻokūkū" i kēlā manawa, akā naʻe, ua kū ʻo ia me kona ʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻohana a me kona nānā pono ʻana i nā faila mele ma format mp3. I ka wā mua, hiki i nā mea nona ka PC me ka ʻōnaehana hana ke hauʻoli iā Napster Windows, i ka makahiki 2000 ua hele mai ka hui ʻEleʻele Media me ka mea kūʻai i kāhea ʻia Macster, i kūʻai ʻia ma hope e Napster a lilo i mea kūʻai kūhelu Napster no Macs. Ua wehe ʻo ia i kona inoa kumu a puʻunaue ʻia ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa Napster no Mac.
ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau ka paʻi ʻana iā Napster i kēlā me kēia manawa haku mele a i ʻole ka holoʻokoʻa Album ma mua o kona hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana. Ua hōʻike aku kekahi mau unuhi ʻōlelo i ka hopohopo ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia ke koho hoʻoiho manuahi kuai kā lākou hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Ma kēia pōʻaiapili, hoihoi ka hihia o ka pā Radiohead - nā mele mai kāna album e hiki mai ana Ke keiki A ʻike ʻia ma Napster ʻekolu mahina ma mua hoʻokuʻu kūhelu. ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ka hui i ka US Top 20 a hiki i kēlā manawa. Kid A free download i manaoia miliona kanaka a puni ka honua, ʻaʻohe mea i wānana i ka holomua nui nona. I ʻOkakopa o ka makahiki 2000 akā ua kau ʻia ka album ma ka papa mua o ka pakuhi Billboard 200 nā album kūʻai maikaʻi loa, a ma ka ʻōlelo a kekahi, ua lanakila ʻo ia hoʻohuli manaʻo pololei ka hiki ke "ʻono" i nā mele ma o Napster.
Hiki paha hoihoi oe
I kona wā kiʻekiʻe, ua kaena ʻo Napster i 80 miliona mau mea hoʻohana i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia. No lākou, ua lilo ka lawelawe i wahi maikaʻi loa e hiki ai iā lākou ke kiʻi i nā leo kahiko a i ʻole nā hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana mai nā hana ola. I ka ulu ʻana o Napster i kaulana i waena o nā mea hoʻohana, pēlā pū nā pilikia. I loko o nā hale hoʻomaha o ke kulanui, ua ālai ʻia ʻo Napster no ka mea ua hoʻonui ʻo ia i kā lākou pūnaewele. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua kū mai nā pilikia kānāwai e pili ana iā Napster.
I ʻApelila o ka makahiki 2000 ua puka ikaika mai ka bana ia Napster ʻO Metallica. E like me ka Radiohead i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ua ʻike ʻia kāna mele ma Napster ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu kūhelu. "Ua lawe ʻo Napster i kā mākou mele me ka nīnau ʻole," wahi a ka mea pahu pahu Lars Ulrich i mua o ka Ahaolelo ma Iulai o ka makahiki 2000. "ʻAʻole lākou i noi mai iā mākou no ka ʻae. I ka pōkole, ua loaʻa kā mākou papa mele mele no ka hoʻoiho manuahi ma Napster”. Ua ʻōlelo kūʻē ʻo ia iā Napster hui hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana o ʻAmelika a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO ka manaʻo o ke mele i hiki ke loaʻa i nā mea āpau i manaʻo maikaʻi loa i nā poʻe he nui, kanawai akā, ua ʻōlelo maopopo ʻo ia a ua lilo ʻo Napster i ka hihia.
Napster ua hoʻopau ʻo ia hāʻawi mele manuahi i Iulai o ka makahiki 2001. Ua uku ʻia nā mea hana a me nā mea kuleana kope e nā mea lawelawe umi miliona dala, a ua hoʻololi i kā lākou lawelawe i kahi papa inoa o nā mahina. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hālāwai ʻo Napster i kāna ʻano hou me ka lanakila nui, a i loko 2002 hai aku la ia banekorupa. I Kepakemapa o ka makahiki 2008 Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Napster e kahi hui ʻAmelika Best Buy, he mau makahiki ma hope mai ua lawe ka hui iā ia ma lalo o kona ʻēheu Rhapsody.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hele ʻo Napster i kahi ala maikaʻi loa, ua paʻa ia i ke ala no nā lawelawe streaming e hiki mai ana a hāʻawi nui i ke ʻano hou o ka ʻoihana mele.
Nā kumuwaiwai: PCWorld, CNN, ʻO Rolling Stone, ka Verge,
